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Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?
Kevin Lefebvre, Pauline Wibaux
Faced with growing competition and geopolitical tensions, major economies are concerned about the risks linked to excessive dependence on the Chinese economy. China stands out for its low number of product dependencies, while the United States and the European Union have a similar number of import dependencies, which is higher for Japan. The sources of dependence are common to these four countries: chemicals, electronics, pharmaceuticals and steel industry. The EU is heavily exposed to China (61%), but it is also China's leading supplier for a quarter of its dependent products. The dependence of the EU and the United States on Chinese production increased between 2019 and 2022. Read the latest Policy Brief which uses detailed product-level import dependencies data provided by the new CEPII's database GeoDep.
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