CEPII - Accueil

Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?
Kevin Lefebvre, Pauline Wibaux

Faced with growing competition and geopolitical tensions, major economies are concerned about the risks linked to excessive dependence on the Chinese economy. China stands out for its low number of product dependencies, while the United States and the European Union have a similar number of import dependencies, which is higher for Japan. The sources of dependence are common to these four countries: chemicals, electronics, pharmaceuticals and steel industry. The EU is heavily exposed to China (61%), but it is also China's leading supplier for a quarter of its dependent products. The dependence of the EU and the United States on Chinese production increased between 2019 and 2022. Read the latest Policy Brief which uses detailed product-level import dependencies data provided by the new CEPII's database GeoDep.

January 30, 2025

Import dependencies: The EU & partners
Kevin Lefebvre, Pauline Wibaux
The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have highlighted the challenges associated with import dependency.

December 18, 2024

Étrangers diplômés, des talents gâchés
Anthony Edo
La France accueille de nombreux immigrés diplômés, mais beaucoup se retrouvent dans des emplois subalternes faute de reconnaissance de leurs qualifications. Avec deux reportages, Enquêtes de région met en lumière ce phénomène de "brain waste".

January 15, 2025

Trump and the general rebalancing of international trade
Antoine Bouët, Leysa Maty Sall, Yu Zheng
The tariff increases announced by Donald Trump before his election would have a serious impact on global trade flows.

December 12, 2024

Accord UE-Mercosur : faut-il signer des accords de libre-échange ?
Antoine Bouët
Très critiqué en Europe par les organisations agricoles et les activistes de l'environnement, l'accord commercial vise à lever l'essentiel des droits de douane entre l'UE et quatre pays du Marché commun du Sud. Quels sont les gagnants et les perdants de ce traité ?

what's new

LE Graphique - THE Chart
Import dependencies: the Eu and partners

The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine have highlighted the challenges associated with import dependency. While inevitable in a globalised economy, such import dependencies can become vulnerabilities in the event of trade disruptions, particularly when they are concentrated on a single partner. Continue reading on the Blog.

FOCUS Protectionism	FOCUS Migration
FOCUS Ukraine	FOCUS China

Analysis and debates

Will Chinese Auto Export Boom Transform into Local Production in Europe?
The automotive industry faces two disruptions: China’s emergence as a leading global auto exporter, and the transition from internal combustion engine (ICE) to electric vehicles (EVs). Continue reading >>>

Trade & Globalization

Competitiveness & Growth

Emerging Countries

Environment & Natural Resources

Les multinationales plus résilientes en matière d’emploi que les groupes nationaux depuis la crise sanitaire, surtout dans leur pays d’origine

Le prix du protectionnisme de Donald Trump

Régime de change fixe : une entrave à l’essor industriel des pays en développement

The Gravity of Violence

When Quality Management Helps Agri-food Firms to Export

The Great Depression as a Savings Glut

Trump 2.0 Tariffs: What Cost for the World Economy?

Lithium-Ion Batteries: Dynamic Mapping of the Value Chain and Perspectives

Import Dependencies: Where Does the EU Stand?

Health Products in International Trade: a Full-Fledged Industry Grouping

CEPII Region Profiles: indicators, databases and classifications

CEPII Country Profiles: indicators, databases and classifications

See all

Coming Events

CEPII's Research seminar "China, Ports, and tard" with Pamina Koenig (University of Rouen-Normandy, PSE)
February 6, 2025

Les défis de l'Europe face à la nouvelle présidence Trump
February 20, 2025

Le dollar dans la tourmente ?
March 10, 2025

Le CEPII au Printemps de l'économie 2025
March 18 - 21, 2025

See all

Past Events

Séminaire compétitivité CEPII-Banque de France "L’Europe au défi de Trump 2.0"
January 15, 2025

Où va l’économie chinoise ?
January 14, 2025

The 14th Annual International Conference "Immigration in OECD countries"
December 12 - 13, 2024

America’s Immigration Experience: Lessons from the Past, Perspectives for the Future
December 11, 2024

See all